Perjanjian Utrecht
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| Perjanjian Utrecht 1713 | |
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Perjanjian Persahabatan dan Perdamaian Utrecht | |
.jpg) keluaran pertama Perjanjian Utrecht 1713 antarat Britain dan Sepanyol dalam bahasa Sepanyol (kiri) dan keluaran terkemudian dalam bahasa-bahasa Latin dan Inggeris (kanan). | |
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| Ditandatangani | 1713 di Utrecht, Wilayah Bersatu Republik Belanda |
| Penandatangan | |
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Perjanjian Utrecht merupakan suatu siri perjanjian damai yang ditandatangani pihak-pihak yang terlibat dalam Perang Warisan Sepanyol di kota Utrecht, Belanda antara bulan-bulan Mac dan April 1713. Dokumen-dokumen ini membenarkan Philip, Duke Anjou mengambil tampuk kekuasaan takhta diraja Sepanyol sambil melepaskan tuntutannya terhadap takhta diraja Perancis secara kekal beserta juga beberapa jaminan tertentu bagi memastikan Perancis dan Sepanyol tidak membentuk suatu gabungan politik dengan itu mengekalkan keseimbangan kuasa-kuasa kerajaan Eropah.[1] British historian G. M. Trevelyan argues:
That Treaty, which ushered in the stable and characteristic period of Eighteenth-Century civilization, marked the end of danger to Europe from the old French monarchy, and it marked a change of no less significance to the world at large, — the maritime, commercial and financial supremacy of Great Britain.[2]
Rujukan
[sunting | sunting sumber]Bibliografi
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Bruin, Renger and Cornelis Haven, eds. Performances of Peace: Utrecht 1713 (2015).
- Churchill, Winston (2002). Marlborough: His Life and Times, Bk. 2, vols. iii & iv. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-10635-7 online abridged edition
- Gregory, Desmond: Minorca, the Illusory Prize: A History of the British Occupations of Minorca Between 1708 and 1802 (Associated University Press, 1990)
- Lynn, John A (1999). The Wars of Louis XIV, 1667–1714. Longman. ISBN 0-582-05629-2
- Mowat, R. B. History of European people, 1451–1789 (1928) pp 141–54; online pp 165–82.
- Sichel Walter: Bolingbroke And His Times, 2 vols. (1901–02) Vol. 1 The Reign of Queen Anne
- Stanhope, Philip: History of England, Comprising the Reign of Queen Anne until the Peace of Utrecht (London: 1870)
- Trevelyan, G. M (1930–34). England Under Queen Anne. 3 volumes. Longmans, Green and co.
Pautan luar
[sunting | sunting sumber]- "The Treaties of Utrecht (1713)" Brief discussion and extracts of the various treaties on François Velde's Heraldica website, with particular focus on the renunciations and their later reconfirmations.
- Interpretation of parts of the treaty relating to Gibraltar by the Gibraltar Action Group