Kura-kura Sungai Amerika Tengah

Kura-kura Sungai Amerika Tengah
	Spesimen dari Zoo Prague
Status pemuliharaan
	; Terancam genting (IUCN 3.1)
Pengelasan saintifik
Domain:	Eukaryota
Alam:	Animalia
Filum:	Chordata
Kelas:	Reptilia
Order:	Testudines
Klad:	Americhelydia
Keluarga:	Dermatemydidae
Genus:	Dermatemys; Gray, 1847
Spesies:	D. mawii
Nama binomial
	Dermatemys mawii; Gray, 1847
Sinonim
	Dermatemys mawii Gray 1847:55; Emys berardii Duméril & Bibron 1851:11; Dermatemys abnormis Cope 1868:120; Dermatemys salvinii Gray 1870b:50; Limnochelone micrura Werner 1901b:298;

Kura-kura Sungai Amerika Tengah (Dermatemys mawii), juga dikenali sebagai hickatee atau tortuga blanca (kura-kura putih),^[8] satu-satunya spesies hidup dari keluarga Dermatemydidae. mempunyai saudara terdekat dengan 19 genus yang kini telah menjadi fosil dari zaman Jurasik dan Cretaceous.^[8] Spesies ini dijumpai di kawasan sungai berhampiran perairan Atlantik di Amerika Tengah, iaitu selatan Mexico, Belize dan Guatemala.^[8] Bersaiz agak besar 60 cm (24 in) dan berat sehingga 22 kg (49 lb); Rekod tekini, mengesahkan terdapat individu dengan berat 14 kg (31 lb) di Mexico atau 11 kg (24 lb) di Guatemala.^[8]

Etimologi

Nama mawii, adalah penghormatan kepada seorang pengumpul haiwan, Lieutenant Mawe of the British Navy.^[9]

Ciri-ciri

D. mawii mempunyai cangkerang belakang (karapas), yang rendah, hampir rata, licin. Mempunyai warna coklat, hampir gelap, kelabu atau zaitun.^[8] Cangkerang perut (plastronnya) pula berwarna putih kekuningan.^[8] Anak Kura-kura yang lebih kecil mempunyai jungkir di tengah-tengah karapas, dan semakin hilang apabila dewasa. Warna kulitnya sama dengan cangkerang, dengan tanda seakan-akan merah di sepanjang leher dan bawahnya. Kura-kura jantan mempunyai tanda kuning pada sisi kepalanya dan berekor panjang berbanding betina.

Perlakuan dan Habitat

D. mawii ialah haiwan nokturnal, akuatik yang mendiami kawasan singai dan tasik di Amerika Tengah, sepanjang selatan Mexico ke sempadan Guatemala-Honduran border.^[8] Bersifat akuatik sepenuhnya dan hanya meninggalkan kawasan air untuk bertelur atau berjemur sahaja

Diet

D. mawii bersifat maun; makan bunga dan tumbuh-tumbuhan.^[8]

Rujukan

^ Vogt, R.C.; Gonzalez-Porter, G.P.; Van Dijk, P.P. (2006). "Dermatemys mawii". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2006: e.T6493A97409830. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2006.RLTS.T6493A12783921.en. Dicapai pada 10 Januari 2018. Unknown parameter |last-author-amp= ignored (bantuan)
^ ^a ^b ^c Gray, John Edward. 1847. Description of a new genus of Emydae. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1847(15):55–56.
^ Duméril, André Marie Constant & Bibron, Gabriel. 1851. [Emys areolata, Emys berardii, Cinosternon leucostomum, Cinosternon cruentatum]. In: Duméril, A.M.C. & Duméril, A.H.A. Catalogue Methodique de la Collection des Reptiles (Museum d’Histoire Naturelle de Paris). Paris: Gide and Baudry, 224 pp.
^ Cope, Edward D. 1868. An examination of the Reptilia and Batrachia obtained by the Orton expedition to Equador [sic] and the upper Amazon, with notes on other species. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 20:96–140.
^ Gray, John Edward. 1870b. Supplement to the Catalogue of Shield Reptiles in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Testudinata (Tortoises). London: British Museum, 120 pp.
^ Werner, Franz. 1901. Neue Reptilien des Königsberger zoologischen Museums. Zoologischer Anzeiger 24:297–301.
^ Turtle Taxonomy Working Group [van Dijk , P.P., Iverson, J.B., Shaffer, H.B., Bour, R., and Rhodin, A.G.J.]. 2012. Turtles of the world, 2012 update: annotated checklist of taxonomy, synonymy, distribution, and conservation status. Chelonian Research Monographs No. 5, pp. 000.243–000.328, doi:10.3854/crm.5.000.checklist.v5.2012, [1].
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Vogt, R.C., Polisar, J.R., Moll, D., & Gonzalez-Porter, G. 2011. Dermatemys mawii Gray 1847 – Central American River Turtle, Tortuga Blanca, Hickatee. In: Rhodin, A.G.J., Pritchard, P.C.H., van Dijk, P.P., Samure, R.A., Buhlmann, K.A., Iverson, J.B., & Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds.) Conservation Biology of Freshwater Turtles and Tortoises: A Compilation Project of the IUCN/SSC Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group. Chelonian Research Monographs No. 5, pp. 058.1–058.12, doi:10.3854/crm.5.058.mawii.v1.2011, [2].
^ Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael. 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. (Dermatemys mawii, p. 171).

Templat:Dermatemydidae

[iucn-1] Vogt, R.C.; Gonzalez-Porter, G.P.; Van Dijk, P.P. (2006). "Dermatemys mawii". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2006: e.T6493A97409830. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2006.RLTS.T6493A12783921.en. Dicapai pada 10 Januari 2018. Unknown parameter |last-author-amp= ignored (bantuan)

[gray1847-2] Gray, John Edward. 1847. Description of a new genus of Emydae. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1847(15):55–56.

[dum&dum1851-3] Duméril, André Marie Constant & Bibron, Gabriel. 1851. [Emys areolata, Emys berardii, Cinosternon leucostomum, Cinosternon cruentatum]. In: Duméril, A.M.C. & Duméril, A.H.A. Catalogue Methodique de la Collection des Reptiles (Museum d’Histoire Naturelle de Paris). Paris: Gide and Baudry, 224 pp.

[cope1868-4] Cope, Edward D. 1868. An examination of the Reptilia and Batrachia obtained by the Orton expedition to Equador [sic] and the upper Amazon, with notes on other species. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 20:96–140.

[gray1870b-5] Gray, John Edward. 1870b. Supplement to the Catalogue of Shield Reptiles in the Collection of the British Museum. Part I. Testudinata (Tortoises). London: British Museum, 120 pp.

[wern1901-6] Werner, Franz. 1901. Neue Reptilien des Königsberger zoologischen Museums. Zoologischer Anzeiger 24:297–301.

[ttwg-7] Turtle Taxonomy Working Group [van Dijk , P.P., Iverson, J.B., Shaffer, H.B., Bour, R., and Rhodin, A.G.J.]. 2012. Turtles of the world, 2012 update: annotated checklist of taxonomy, synonymy, distribution, and conservation status. Chelonian Research Monographs No. 5, pp. 000.243–000.328, doi:10.3854/crm.5.000.checklist.v5.2012, [1].

[vogtetal-8] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Vogt, R.C., Polisar, J.R., Moll, D., & Gonzalez-Porter, G. 2011. Dermatemys mawii Gray 1847 – Central American River Turtle, Tortuga Blanca, Hickatee. In: Rhodin, A.G.J., Pritchard, P.C.H., van Dijk, P.P., Samure, R.A., Buhlmann, K.A., Iverson, J.B., & Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds.) Conservation Biology of Freshwater Turtles and Tortoises: A Compilation Project of the IUCN/SSC Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group. Chelonian Research Monographs No. 5, pp. 058.1–058.12, doi:10.3854/crm.5.058.mawii.v1.2011, [2].

[9] Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael. 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. (Dermatemys mawii, p. 171).

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