Fianna Fáil
Fianna Fáil | |
|---|---|
| Fail:Fianna Fáil logo 2011.svg | |
| Ketua Parti | Micheál Martin TD |
| Naib Ketua Parti | Dara Calleary TD |
| Setiausaha Agung | Seán Dorgan |
| Pengerusi | Brendan Smith TD |
| Ketua Seanad | Senator Catherine Ardagh |
| Pengasas | Éamon de Valera |
| Diasaskan | 23 Mac 1926 |
| Pecahan | Sinn Féin[1] |
| Ibu pejabat | 65–66 Lower Mount Street, Dublin 2, D02 NX40, Ireland |
| Sayap belia | Ógra Fianna Fáil |
| Keanggotaan (2016) | 20,000[2] |
| Ideologi | |
| Kedudukan politik | Tengah[11][12][13][14] ke Tengah kanan[15][16][17] |
| Penggabungan Eropah | Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe |
| Penggabungan antarabangsa | Liberal International |
| Kumpulan Parlimen Eropah | Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe |
| Warna | Hijau |
| Slogan | An Ireland for All |
| Dáil Éireann | 44 / 158
|
| Seanad Éireann | 13 / 60
|
| Parlimen Eropah | 1 / 11
|
| Pemerintah tempatan dalam Republik Ireland | 262 / 949
|
| Laman sesawang | |
| fiannafail | |
| Politik Republik Ireland Parti politik Pilihan raya Politik Ireland Utara Parti politik Pilihan raya | |
Fianna Fáil ([ˌfʲiən̪ˠə ˈfˠaːlʲ, fiĕ-nĕ faal], "Pahlawan-Pahlawan Fál[nota 1]"),[18] nama rasminya Fianna Fáil – The Republican Party[19] (Ireland: Fianna Fáil – An Páirtí Poblachtánach,[20][4][5][6][21] "Fianna Fáil – Parti Republikan") ialah sebuah parti politik Ireland berfahaman konservatisme liberal berhaluan tengah kanan.
Ia ditubuhkan oleh Éamon de Valera dan para penyokongannya selepas berpisah dari Sinn Féin atas perselisihan faham mengenai isu abstensionisme[22] berikutan berlakunya Perang Saudara Ireland.
Ideologi
[sunting | sunting sumber]Fianna Fáil dilihat sebagai berfahaman konservatif tetapi juga berpendirian nasionalis.[3][4][6] Ia menunjukkan diriia sebagai suatu parti yang merentasi fahaman (big tent atau "broad church",[23] serta tuurt meraih sokongan kelas sosial bawahan.[24][25] Platform parti ini turut menekankan beberapa aspek utama yang wujud secara konsisten seperti penyatuan politik Ireland, mempertahankan serta menggalakkan penggunaan luas bahasa Ireland, serta mengekalkan pendirian berkecuali negara Ireland dalam semua aspek konflik serantau.[26][27]
Ia membentuk pemerintah gabungan bersama parti-parti yang datang baik dari kiri mahupun kanan spektrum politik Ireland antara tahun-tahun 1989 dan 2011.
Kepimpinan
[sunting | sunting sumber]Ketua Parti
[sunting | sunting sumber]| Ketua | Tempoh |
|---|---|
| Éamon de Valera | 1926–1959 |
| Seán Lemass | 1959–1966 |
| Jack Lynch | 1966–1979 |
| Charles Haughey | 1979–1992 |
| Albert Reynolds | 1992–1994 |
| Bertie Ahern | 1994–2008 |
| Brian Cowen | 2008–2011 |
| Micheál Martin | 2011–kini |
Ketua dalam Seanad Éireann
[sunting | sunting sumber]| Nama | Tempoh |
|---|---|
| Eoin Ryan Snr | 1977–82 |
| Mick Lanigan | 1982–90 |
| Seán Fallon | 1990–92 |
| G. V. Wright | 1992–97 |
| Donie Cassidy | 1997–2002 |
| Mary O'Rourke | 2002–07 |
| Donie Cassidy | 2007–11 |
| Darragh O'Brien | 2011–2016 |
| Catherine Ardagh | 2016–present |
Keputusan pilihan raya
[sunting | sunting sumber]| Tahun pilihan raya | Bil. kerusi dimenangi | ± | Kedudukan | Undian pilihan pertama | % | Keputusan | Ketua Parti |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jun 1927 | 44 / 153
|
▲44 | ▲Ke-2 | 299,486 | 26.2% | Pembangkang | Éamon de Valera |
| September 1927 | 57 / 153
|
▲13 | ▬Ke-2 | 411,777 | 35.2% | Pembangkang | Éamon de Valera |
| 1932 | 72 / 153
|
▲15 | ▲Pertama | 566,498 | 44.5% | Pemerintah minoriti (disokong LP) | Éamon de Valera |
| 1933 | 77 / 153
|
▲5 | ▬Pertama | 689,054 | 49.7% | Pemerintah minoriti (disokong LP) | Éamon de Valera |
| 1937 | 69 / 138
|
▼8 | ▬Pertama | 599,040 | 45.2% | Pemerintah minoriti (disokong LP) | Éamon de Valera |
| 1938 | 77 / 138
|
▲8 | ▬Pertama | 667,996 | 51.9% | Pemerintah majoriti | Éamon de Valera |
| 1943 | 67 / 138
|
▼10 | ▬Pertama | 557,525 | 41.9% | Pemerintah minoriti | Éamon de Valera |
| 1944 | 76 / 138
|
▲9 | ▬Pertama | 595,259 | 48.9% | Pemerintah majoriti | Éamon de Valera |
| 1948 | 68 / 147
|
▼8 | ▬Pertama | 553,914 | 41.9% | Pembangkang | Éamon de Valera |
| 1951 | 69 / 147
|
▲1 | ▬Pertama | 616,212 | 46.3% | Pemerintah minoriti (dengan sokongan bebas) | Éamon de Valera |
| 1954 | 65 / 147
|
▼4 | ▬Pertama | 578,960 | 43.4% | Pembangkang | Éamon de Valera |
| 1957 | 78 / 147
|
▲13 | ▬Pertama | 592,994 | 48.3% | Pemerintah majoriti | Éamon de Valera |
| 1961 | 70 / 144
|
▼8 | ▬Pertama | 512,073 | 43.8% | Pemerintah majoriti (dengan sokongan bebas) | Seán Lemass |
| 1965 | 72 / 144
|
▲2 | ▬Pertama | 597,414 | 47.7% | Pemerintah majoriti | Seán Lemass |
| 1969 | 75 / 144
|
▲3 | ▬Pertama | 602,234 | 45.7% | Pemerintah majoriti | Jack Lynch |
| 1973 | 69 / 144
|
▼6 | ▬Pertama | 624,528 | 46.2% | Pembangkang | Jack Lynch |
| 1977 | 84 / 148
|
▲15 | ▬Pertama | 811,615 | 50.6% | Pemerintah majoriti | Jack Lynch |
| 1981 | 78 / 166
|
▼6 | ▬Pertama | 777,616 | 45.3% | Pembangkang | Charles Haughey |
| Februari 1982 | 81 / 166
|
▲3 | ▬Pertama | 786,951 | 47.3% | Pemerintah minoriti (disokong SFTWP dan puak bebas) | Charles Haughey |
| November 1982 | 75 / 166
|
▼6 | ▬Pertama | 763,313 | 45.2% | Pembangkang | Charles Haughey |
| 1987 | 81 / 166
|
▲6 | ▬Pertama | 784,547 | 44.1% | Pemerintah minoriti (dengan sokongan bebas) | Charles Haughey |
| 1989 | 77 / 166
|
▼4 | ▬Pertama | 731,472 | 44.1% | Pemerintah gabungan (FF-PD) | Charles Haughey |
| 1992 | 68 / 166
|
▼9 | ▬Pertama | 674,650 | 39.1% | Pemerintah gabungan (FF-LP) | Albert Reynolds |
| Pembangkang (dariDecember 1994) | |||||||
| 1997 | 77 / 166
|
▲9 | ▬Pertama | 703,682 | 39.3% | Pemerintah gabungan (FF-PD) | Bertie Ahern |
| 2002 | 81 / 166
|
▲4 | ▬Pertama | 770,748 | 41.5% | Pemerintah gabungan (FF-PD) | Bertie Ahern |
| 2007 | 77 / 166
|
▼4 | ▬Pertama | 858,565 | 41.6% | Pemerintah gabungan (FF-GP-PD) | Bertie Ahern |
| 2011 | 20 / 166
|
▼57 | ▼Ke-3 | 387,358 | 17.5% | Pembangkang | Micheál Martin |
| 2016 | 44 / 158
|
▲23 | ▲Ke-2 | 519,356 | 24.3% | Pembangkang (menyokong kerajaan minoriti FG) | Micheál Martin |
Nota
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ "Fál" merupakan nama lama Ireland, menurut buku Patrick Weston Joyce (1911). The Lia Fail or Coronation Stone of Tara. Dicapai pada 10 Januari 2011.
The third of Tara's wonders was the Lia Fail or Coronation Stone, on which the ancient kings were crowned; and the wonder of this was that it uttered a shout whenever a king of the true Scotic or Irish race stood or sat on it. And it was from this stone that Ireland received the old poetical name of Inisfail, that is, the Island of the (Lia) Fail. ... The story of the removal of the Lia Fail to Scotland rests entirely on the authority of the Scottish historians. The oldest Scottish document to which it can be traced is the Rhythmical Chronicle, written it is believed at the close of the thirteenth century, from which it was borrowed later on by the two Scottish writers, John of Fordun and Hector Boece, and incorporated by both in their chronicles—those chronicles which are now universally rejected as fable. Our own countryman Geoffrey Keating, writing his history of Ireland in the seventeenth century, adopted the story after Boece (whom he gives as his authority for the prophecy); and it has been repeated by most other writers of Irish history since his time. But in no Irish authority before the time of Keating is there any mention either of the removal of the stone, or of the prophecy concerning it.
Rujukan
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ "Fianna Fail". UCD.ie. 16 May 1926. Dicapai pada 16 Januari 2014.
- ^ "Fine Gael top the poll when it comes to members' fees". Dicapai pada 1 October 2017.
- ^ a b T. Banchoff (1999). Legitimacy and the European Union. Taylor & Francis. m/s. 130. ISBN 978-0-415-18188-4. Dicapai pada 19 Oktober 2017.
- ^ a b c George A. Kourvetaris; Andreas Moschonas (1996). The Impact of European Integration: Political, Sociological, and Economic Changes. Greenwood Publishing Group. m/s. 208. ISBN 978-0-275-95356-0. Dicapai pada 26 Ogos 2012.
- ^ a b Scanlan, Margaret (2006). Culture and Customs of Ireland. Greenwood Publishing Group. m/s. 74. ISBN 978-0-313-33162-6. Dicapai pada 26 Ogos 2012.
- ^ a b c Ian Budge; David Robertson; Derek Hearl (1987). Ideology, Strategy and Party Change: Spatial Analyses of Post-War Election Programmes in 19 Democracies. Cambridge University Press. m/s. 137. ISBN 978-0-521-30648-5. Dicapai pada 26 August 2012.
- ^ "Beyond the yin and yang of Fine Gael and Fianna Fáil". Februari 2016. Dicapai pada 26 Februaro 2016. Check date values in:
|accessdate=(bantuan) - ^ "Irish Political Studies".
- ^ "About Fianna Fáil". Fianna Fáil. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2017-11-14. Dicapai pada 1 October 2017.
- ^ Aodha, Gráinne Ní. "Fianna Fáil's plans for North-South reunification get cautious welcome from Sinn Féin". Dicapai pada 1 October 2017.
- ^ HRM in Europe. Human Resource Management in Europe. p.39. Edited by Chris Brewster, Wolfgang Mayrhofer and Michael Morley. Published by Routledge and Elsevier in Amsterdam. First published in 2004. Retrieved 18 July 2017, via Google Books.
- ^ Fianna Fail on election footing now, says Martin. Irish Independent. Author - Daniel McConnell. Published 1 January 2015. Retrieved 18 July 2017.
- ^ Micheal Martin to replace Brian Cowen as Fianna Fail leader. The Telegraph. Published 26 January 2011. Retrieved 18 July 2017.
- ^ Weakened Irish PM faces delicate balancing act. EUobserver. Author - Shona Murray. Published 12 May 2016. Retrieved 18 July 2017.
- ^ George Taylor; Brendan Flynn (2008). "The Irish Greens". Dalam E. Gene Frankland; Paul Lucardie; Benoît Rihoux (penyunting). Green Parties in Transition: The End of Grass-roots Democracy?. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. m/s. 97. ISBN 978-0-7546-7429-0.
- ^ John Barlow; David Farnham; Sylvia Horton; F.F. Ridley (2016). "Comparing Public Managers". Dalam David Farnham; Annie Hondeghem; Sylvia Horton; John Barlow (penyunting). New Public Managers in Europe: Public Servants in Transition. Springer. m/s. 19. ISBN 978-1-349-13947-7.
- ^ Titley, Gavan (24 February 2011). "Beyond the yin and yang of Fine Gael and Fianna Fáil". The Guardian. London.
- ^ Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977). (advisory ed. Tomás de Bhaldraithe) (penyunting). Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla (dalam bahasa Ireland). Dublin: An Gúm. m/s. 512, 540. ISBN 1-85791-037-0.,
- ^ "About Fianna Fáil". Fianna Fáil. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2017-11-14. Dicapai pada 26 Januari 2016.
The party's name incorporates the words 'The Republican Party' in its title.
- ^ T. Banchoff (1999). Legitimacy and the European Union. Taylor & Francis. m/s. 127. ISBN 978-0-415-18188-4. Dicapai pada 26 Ogos 2012.
- ^ Hans Slomp (2011). Europe, a Political Profile: An American Companion to European Politics. ABC-CLIO. m/s. 333. ISBN 978-0-313-39181-1.
- ^ "History of Fianna Fáil". fiannafail.ie. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2019-02-02. Dicapai pada 3 Jun 2017.
- ^ Tom Garvin (2005). Preventing the Future: Why was Ireland so Poor for so Long?. Gill and Macmillan. m/s. 208. ISBN 0717139700. Dicapai pada 3 Jun 2017.
- ^ "Micheal Martin elected as eighth leader of Fianna Fáil". The Irish Times. 26 Januari 2011.
- ^ Cowen, Barry (26 Mei 2011). "Cowen Calls on Government to resist OECD right wing agenda". Fianna Fáil. Dicapai pada 24 Jun 2013.
- ^ "About Fianna Fáil". Fianna Fáil. Diarkibkan daripada yang asal pada 2017-11-14. Dicapai pada 5 Jun 2017.
- ^ "Fianna Fáil". Britannica.com. Dicapai pada 5 Jun 2017.