Chelydridae
| Chelydridae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Kura-kura Sentap Biasa (Chelydra serpentina) | |
Pengelasan saintifik 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Alam: | Animalia |
| Filum: | Chordata |
| Kelas: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Testudines |
| Klad: | Americhelydia |
| Keluarga: | Chelydridae Gray, 1831[2] |
| Genera | |
| Sinonim[3] | |
Chelydridae ialah keluarga kura-kura yang dikenali sebagai Kura-kura Sentap, iaitu genus Chelydra dan Macrochelys. Kedua-dua genus ini ialah endemik (berasal) dari hemisfera barat dunia. Terdapat tujuh genus lain yang telah pupus iaitu Acherontemys, Chelydrops, Chelydropsis, Emarginachelys, Macrocephalochelys, Planiplastron, dan Protochelydra.
Sejarah fosil
[sunting | sunting sumber]Chelydridae mempunyai sejarah fosil yang sangat panjang. Terdapat spesies yang telah pupus direkodkan dari Amerika Utara, Asia dan Eropah. Fosil Chelydridae terawal ialah Emarginachelys cretacea, yang diketahui berasal dari fosil yang terpelihara semasa fasa Maastrichtian, iaitu penghujung zaman Cretaceous di Montana.[1] Malah ada juga Fosil chelydridae lain dari zaman Paleosen, iaitu Protochelydra zangerli yang dijumpai di Utara Dakota.[6] Karapas (tempurung) P. zangerli lebih tinggi berbanding Chelydra sekarang, yang mungkin menjadi ciri-ciri chelonivorous (pemakan kura-kura) disebabkan oleh kewujudan buaya. Genus lain, Chelydropsis, mengandungi spesies chelydridae Eurasia yang muncul ketika zaman Oligosen sehingga Pliosen.[7]
Galeri
[sunting | sunting sumber]-
Chelydropsis murchisoni fosil: kiri: muda, right: dewasa -
Kura-kura Sentap Biasa di Pergunungan Taum Sauk Taman Negara -
Kura-kura Sentap berusia dua tahun yang ditangkap dari Pennsylvania -
saiz kura-kura betina berbanding tin
Rujukan
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ a b Emarginachelys cretacea, Paleobiology Database
- ^ a b Gray, John Edward. (1831). Synopsis Reptilium; or Short Descriptions of the Species of Reptiles. Part I.—Cataphracta. Tortoises, Crocodiles, and Enaliosaurians. London: Treuttel, Wurz, and Co., 85 pp. [Published May 1831].
- ^ Turtle Taxonomy Working Group [van Dijk , P.P., Iverson, J.B., Shaffer, H.B., Bour, R., and Rhodin, A.G.J.]. (2012). Turtles of the world, 2012 update: annotated checklist of taxonomy, synonymy, distribution, and conservation status. Chelonian Research Monographs No. 5, pp. 000.243–000.328, doi:10.3854/crm.5.000.checklist.v5.2012, "Archived copy" (PDF). Diarkibkan daripada yang asal (PDF) pada 2013-01-04. Dicapai pada 2014-04-19. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (bantuan)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link). - ^ Swainson, William. (1839). On the natural history and classification of fishes, amphibians, and reptiles. Vol. II. In: Lardner, D. (Ed.). The Cabinet Cyclopaedia. Natural History. London: Longman, 452 pp.
- ^ Gray, John Edward. (1869). Notes on the families and genera of tortoises (Testudinata), and on the characters afforded by the study of their skulls. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1869:165–225.
- ^ Danilov G. and J. F. Parham. (2008). A reassessment of some poorly known turtles from the Middle Jurassic of China, with comments on the antiquity of extant turtles. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 28(2):306-318
- ^ Böhme, M. (2008). Ectothermic vertebrates (Teleostei, Allocaudata, Urodela, Anura, Testudines, Choristodera, Crocodylia, Squamata) from the Upper Oligocene of Oberleichtersbach (Northern Bavaria, Germany). Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 260:161-183
- de Broin, F. (1969). Contribution a l’etude des cheloniens. Cheloniens continentaux du Cretace Superieur et du Tertiaire de France. Memoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle. Vol. C, No. XXVIII.
- Ericson, B.R. (1973). A new chelydrid turtle (Protochelydra zangerli), from the late Paleocene of North Dakota. Scientific Publications of the Science Museum of Minnesota, New Series. 2(2):1-16.
- Gaffney, E.S. (1975). Phylogeny of the chelydrid turtles: a study of shared derived characters in the skull. Fieldiana Geology 33:157-178.
- Parham, J.F., C.R. Feldman, and J.R. Boore (2006). The complete mitochondrial genome of the enigmatic bigheaded turtle (Platysternon): description of unusual genomic features and the reconciliation of phylogenetic hypotheses based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA. BMC Evol Biol. 6: 11. Published online February 7, 2006. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-6-11.
- Whetstone, K.N. (1978). A new genus of cryptodiran turtles (Testudinoidea, Chelydridae) from the Upper Cretaceous Hell Creek Formation of Montana. The University of Kansas Science Bulletin 51(17):539-563.