Manis
Penampilan
(Dilencongkan daripada Kemanisan)
Manis adalah salah satu dari lima sifat rasa dasar yang mengesan pengambilan makanan yang kaya karbohidrat sederhana seperti gula (yakni, kemanisan) atau sebatian yang mampu meniru sifat gula dan rasa "manis" itu sendiri.
Gambaran umum
[sunting | sunting sumber]Terdapat banyak sebatian kimia yang dikaji memberikan rasa manis pada pelbagai tahap berbeza-beza;
Nama | Jenis sebatian | Tahap manis |
---|---|---|
Laktosa | Disakkarida | 0.16 |
Maltosa | Disaccharide | 0.33 – 0.45 |
Sorbitol | Polialkohol | 0.6 |
Glukosa | Monosaccharide | 0.74 – 0.8 |
Sukrosa | Disaccharide | 1.00 (bahan rujukan) |
Fruktosa | Monosaccharide | 1.17 – 1.75 |
Sodium cyclamate | Sulfonat | 26 |
Steviol glikosida | Glikosida | 40 – 300 |
Aspartame | Dipeptida methil ester | 180 – 250 |
Acesulfame kalium | Oksatiazinona dioksida | 200 |
Natrium sakkarina | Sulfonil | 300 – 675 |
Sukralosa | Disakarida terolah | 600 |
Taumatina | Protein | 2000 |
Lugdunam | Guanidin | 300,000 (anggaran) |
Rujukan
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ John McMurry (1998). Organic Chemistry (ed. 4th). Brooks/Cole. m/s. 468. ISBN 978-0-13-286261-5.
- ^ Dermer, OC (1947). "The Science of Taste". Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science. 27: 15–18. cited as "Derma, 1947" in McLaughlin, Susan; Margolskee, Robert F. (1994). "The Sense of Taste". American Scientist. 82 (6): 538–545. ISSN 0003-0996. JSTOR 29775325.
- ^ Joesten, Melvin D; Hogg, John L; Castellion, Mary E (2007). "Sweeteness Relative to Sucrose (table)". The World of Chemistry: Essentials (ed. 4th). Belmont, California: Thomson Brooks/Cole. m/s. 359. ISBN 978-0-495-01213-9. Dicapai pada 14 September 2010.
- ^ Guyton, Arthur C; Hall, John; Hall, John E. (2006). Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology (ed. 11th). Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders. m/s. 664. ISBN 978-0-7216-0240-0. ISBN 0-8089-2317-X.
- ^ Dermer, OC (1947). "The Science of Taste". Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science. 27: 15–18.